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use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use super::DateTime;
use crate::format::{SecondsFormat, write_rfc3339};
#[cfg(feature = "clock")]
use crate::offset::Local;
use crate::offset::{FixedOffset, Offset, TimeZone, Utc};
#[doc(hidden)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct SecondsTimestampVisitor;
#[doc(hidden)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct NanoSecondsTimestampVisitor;
#[doc(hidden)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct MicroSecondsTimestampVisitor;
#[doc(hidden)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct MilliSecondsTimestampVisitor;
/// Serialize to an RFC 3339 formatted string
///
/// As an extension to RFC 3339 this can serialize `DateTime`s outside the range of 0-9999 years
/// using an ISO 8601 syntax (which prepends an `-` or `+`).
///
/// See [the `serde` module](crate::serde) for alternate serializations.
impl<Tz: TimeZone> ser::Serialize for DateTime<Tz> {
fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
struct FormatIso8601<'a, Tz: TimeZone> {
inner: &'a DateTime<Tz>,
}
impl<Tz: TimeZone> fmt::Display for FormatIso8601<'_, Tz> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
let naive = self.inner.naive_local();
let offset = self.inner.offset.fix();
write_rfc3339(f, naive, offset, SecondsFormat::AutoSi, true)
}
}
serializer.collect_str(&FormatIso8601 { inner: self })
}
}
struct DateTimeVisitor;
impl de::Visitor<'_> for DateTimeVisitor {
type Value = DateTime<FixedOffset>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("an RFC 3339 formatted date and time string")
}
fn visit_str<E>(self, value: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
value.parse().map_err(E::custom)
}
}
/// Deserialize an RFC 3339 formatted string into a `DateTime<FixedOffset>`
///
/// As an extension to RFC 3339 this can deserialize to `DateTime`s outside the range of 0-9999
/// years using an ISO 8601 syntax (which prepends an `-` or `+`).
///
/// See [the `serde` module](crate::serde) for alternate deserialization formats.
impl<'de> de::Deserialize<'de> for DateTime<FixedOffset> {
fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
deserializer.deserialize_str(DateTimeVisitor)
}
}
/// Deserialize an RFC 3339 formatted string into a `DateTime<Utc>`
///
/// If the value contains an offset from UTC that is not zero, the value will be converted to UTC.
///
/// As an extension to RFC 3339 this can deserialize to `DateTime`s outside the range of 0-9999
/// years using an ISO 8601 syntax (which prepends an `-` or `+`).
///
/// See [the `serde` module](crate::serde) for alternate deserialization formats.
impl<'de> de::Deserialize<'de> for DateTime<Utc> {
fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
deserializer.deserialize_str(DateTimeVisitor).map(|dt| dt.with_timezone(&Utc))
}
}
/// Deserialize an RFC 3339 formatted string into a `DateTime<Local>`
///
/// The value will remain the same instant in UTC, but the offset will be recalculated to match
/// that of the `Local` platform time zone.
///
/// As an extension to RFC 3339 this can deserialize to `DateTime`s outside the range of 0-9999
/// years using an ISO 8601 syntax (which prepends an `-` or `+`).
///
/// See [the `serde` module](crate::serde) for alternate deserialization formats.
#[cfg(feature = "clock")]
impl<'de> de::Deserialize<'de> for DateTime<Local> {
fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
deserializer.deserialize_str(DateTimeVisitor).map(|dt| dt.with_timezone(&Local))
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from timestamps in nanoseconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`'s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_nanoseconds;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_nanoseconds")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let time = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_nano_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355733)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc();
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355733}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_nanoseconds {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use crate::serde::invalid_ts;
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
use super::NanoSecondsTimestampVisitor;
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of nanoseconds since the epoch
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// An `i64` with nanosecond precision can span a range of ~584 years. This function returns an
/// error on an out of range `DateTime`.
///
/// The dates that can be represented as nanoseconds are between 1677-09-21T00:12:44.0 and
/// 2262-04-11T23:47:16.854775804.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_nanoseconds::serialize as to_nano_ts;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_nano_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S {
/// time: NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_nano_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355733)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355733}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(dt: &DateTime<Utc>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
serializer.serialize_i64(dt.timestamp_nanos_opt().ok_or(ser::Error::custom(
"value out of range for a timestamp with nanosecond precision",
))?)
}
/// Deserialize a [`DateTime`] from a nanosecond timestamp
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_nanoseconds::deserialize as from_nano_ts;
/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(deserialize_with = "from_nano_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1526522699918355733 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(1526522699, 918355733).unwrap() });
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": -1 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(-1, 999_999_999).unwrap() });
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<DateTime<Utc>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(NanoSecondsTimestampVisitor)
}
impl de::Visitor<'_> for NanoSecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = DateTime<Utc>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in nanoseconds")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in nanoseconds since the epoch
fn visit_i64<E>(self, value: i64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
DateTime::from_timestamp(
value.div_euclid(1_000_000_000),
(value.rem_euclid(1_000_000_000)) as u32,
)
.ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in nanoseconds since the epoch
fn visit_u64<E>(self, value: u64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
DateTime::from_timestamp((value / 1_000_000_000) as i64, (value % 1_000_000_000) as u32)
.ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from optional timestamps in nanoseconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`'s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_nanoseconds_option;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_nanoseconds_option")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let time = Some(
/// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_nano_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355733)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// );
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355733}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_nanoseconds_option {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
use super::NanoSecondsTimestampVisitor;
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of nanoseconds since the epoch or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// An `i64` with nanosecond precision can span a range of ~584 years. This function returns an
/// error on an out of range `DateTime`.
///
/// The dates that can be represented as nanoseconds are between 1677-09-21T00:12:44.0 and
/// 2262-04-11T23:47:16.854775804.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_nanoseconds_option::serialize as to_nano_tsopt;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_nano_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S {
/// time: Some(
/// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_nano_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355733)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// ),
/// };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355733}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(opt: &Option<DateTime<Utc>>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
match *opt {
Some(ref dt) => serializer.serialize_some(&dt.timestamp_nanos_opt().ok_or(
ser::Error::custom("value out of range for a timestamp with nanosecond precision"),
)?),
None => serializer.serialize_none(),
}
}
/// Deserialize a `DateTime` from a nanosecond timestamp or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_nanoseconds_option::deserialize as from_nano_tsopt;
/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(deserialize_with = "from_nano_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1526522699918355733 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(1526522699, 918355733).single() });
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<Option<DateTime<Utc>>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_option(OptionNanoSecondsTimestampVisitor)
}
struct OptionNanoSecondsTimestampVisitor;
impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for OptionNanoSecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = Option<DateTime<Utc>>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in nanoseconds or none")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in nanoseconds since the epoch
fn visit_some<D>(self, d: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(NanoSecondsTimestampVisitor).map(Some)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in nanoseconds since the epoch
fn visit_none<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in nanoseconds since the epoch
fn visit_unit<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from timestamps in microseconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`'s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_microseconds;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_microseconds")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let time = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_micro_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc();
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_microseconds {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use crate::serde::invalid_ts;
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
use super::MicroSecondsTimestampVisitor;
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of microseconds since the epoch
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_microseconds::serialize as to_micro_ts;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_micro_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S {
/// time: NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_micro_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(dt: &DateTime<Utc>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
serializer.serialize_i64(dt.timestamp_micros())
}
/// Deserialize a `DateTime` from a microsecond timestamp
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_microseconds::deserialize as from_micro_ts;
/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(deserialize_with = "from_micro_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1526522699918355 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(1526522699, 918355000).unwrap() });
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": -1 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(-1, 999_999_000).unwrap() });
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<DateTime<Utc>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(MicroSecondsTimestampVisitor)
}
impl de::Visitor<'_> for MicroSecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = DateTime<Utc>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in microseconds")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in milliseconds since the epoch
fn visit_i64<E>(self, value: i64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
DateTime::from_timestamp(
value.div_euclid(1_000_000),
(value.rem_euclid(1_000_000) * 1000) as u32,
)
.ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in milliseconds since the epoch
fn visit_u64<E>(self, value: u64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
DateTime::from_timestamp(
(value / 1_000_000) as i64,
((value % 1_000_000) * 1_000) as u32,
)
.ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from optional timestamps in microseconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`'s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_microseconds_option;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_microseconds_option")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let time = Some(
/// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_micro_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// );
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_microseconds_option {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use super::MicroSecondsTimestampVisitor;
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of microseconds since the epoch or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_microseconds_option::serialize as to_micro_tsopt;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_micro_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S {
/// time: Some(
/// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_micro_opt(02, 04, 59, 918355)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// ),
/// };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918355}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(opt: &Option<DateTime<Utc>>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
match *opt {
Some(ref dt) => serializer.serialize_some(&dt.timestamp_micros()),
None => serializer.serialize_none(),
}
}
/// Deserialize a `DateTime` from a microsecond timestamp or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_microseconds_option::deserialize as from_micro_tsopt;
/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(deserialize_with = "from_micro_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1526522699918355 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(1526522699, 918355000).single() });
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<Option<DateTime<Utc>>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_option(OptionMicroSecondsTimestampVisitor)
}
struct OptionMicroSecondsTimestampVisitor;
impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for OptionMicroSecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = Option<DateTime<Utc>>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in microseconds or none")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in microseconds since the epoch
fn visit_some<D>(self, d: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(MicroSecondsTimestampVisitor).map(Some)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in microseconds since the epoch
fn visit_none<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in microseconds since the epoch
fn visit_unit<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from timestamps in milliseconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_milliseconds;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_milliseconds")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let time = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_milli_opt(02, 04, 59, 918)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc();
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_milliseconds {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use crate::serde::invalid_ts;
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
use super::MilliSecondsTimestampVisitor;
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of milliseconds since the epoch
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_milliseconds::serialize as to_milli_ts;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_milli_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S {
/// time: NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_milli_opt(02, 04, 59, 918)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(dt: &DateTime<Utc>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
serializer.serialize_i64(dt.timestamp_millis())
}
/// Deserialize a `DateTime` from a millisecond timestamp
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_milliseconds::deserialize as from_milli_ts;
/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(deserialize_with = "from_milli_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1526522699918 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(1526522699, 918000000).unwrap() });
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": -1 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(-1, 999_000_000).unwrap() });
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<DateTime<Utc>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(MilliSecondsTimestampVisitor).map(|dt| dt.with_timezone(&Utc))
}
impl de::Visitor<'_> for MilliSecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = DateTime<Utc>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in milliseconds")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in milliseconds since the epoch
fn visit_i64<E>(self, value: i64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
DateTime::from_timestamp_millis(value).ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in milliseconds since the epoch
fn visit_u64<E>(self, value: u64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
DateTime::from_timestamp((value / 1000) as i64, ((value % 1000) * 1_000_000) as u32)
.ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from optional timestamps in milliseconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_milliseconds_option;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_milliseconds_option")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let time = Some(
/// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_milli_opt(02, 04, 59, 918)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// );
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_milliseconds_option {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use super::MilliSecondsTimestampVisitor;
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of milliseconds since the epoch or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, Utc, NaiveDate};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_milliseconds_option::serialize as to_milli_tsopt;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_milli_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S {
/// time: Some(
/// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2018, 5, 17)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_hms_milli_opt(02, 04, 59, 918)
/// .unwrap()
/// .and_utc(),
/// ),
/// };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1526522699918}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(opt: &Option<DateTime<Utc>>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
match *opt {
Some(ref dt) => serializer.serialize_some(&dt.timestamp_millis()),
None => serializer.serialize_none(),
}
}
/// Deserialize a `DateTime` from a millisecond timestamp or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{TimeZone, DateTime, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_milliseconds_option::deserialize as from_milli_tsopt;
///
/// #[derive(Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug)]
/// #[serde(untagged)]
/// enum E<T> {
/// V(T),
/// }
///
/// #[derive(Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(default, deserialize_with = "from_milli_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: E<S> = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1526522699918 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, E::V(S { time: Some(Utc.timestamp_opt(1526522699, 918000000).unwrap()) }));
/// let s: E<S> = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": null }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(s, E::V(S { time: None }));
/// let t: E<S> = serde_json::from_str(r#"{}"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(t, E::V(S { time: None }));
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<Option<DateTime<Utc>>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_option(OptionMilliSecondsTimestampVisitor)
.map(|opt| opt.map(|dt| dt.with_timezone(&Utc)))
}
struct OptionMilliSecondsTimestampVisitor;
impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for OptionMilliSecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = Option<DateTime<Utc>>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in milliseconds or none")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in milliseconds since the epoch
fn visit_some<D>(self, d: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(MilliSecondsTimestampVisitor).map(Some)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in milliseconds since the epoch
fn visit_none<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in milliseconds since the epoch
fn visit_unit<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from timestamps in seconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`'s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{TimeZone, DateTime, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_seconds;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_seconds")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let time = Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2015, 5, 15, 10, 0, 0).unwrap();
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1431684000}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_seconds {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use crate::serde::invalid_ts;
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
use super::SecondsTimestampVisitor;
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of seconds since the epoch
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{TimeZone, DateTime, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_seconds::serialize as to_ts;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S { time: Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2015, 5, 15, 10, 0, 0).unwrap() };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1431684000}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(dt: &DateTime<Utc>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
serializer.serialize_i64(dt.timestamp())
}
/// Deserialize a `DateTime` from a seconds timestamp
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_seconds::deserialize as from_ts;
/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(deserialize_with = "from_ts")]
/// time: DateTime<Utc>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1431684000 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(1431684000, 0).unwrap() });
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<DateTime<Utc>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(SecondsTimestampVisitor)
}
impl de::Visitor<'_> for SecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = DateTime<Utc>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in seconds")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in seconds since the epoch
fn visit_i64<E>(self, value: i64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
DateTime::from_timestamp(value, 0).ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in seconds since the epoch
fn visit_u64<E>(self, value: u64) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
if value > i64::MAX as u64 {
Err(invalid_ts(value))
} else {
DateTime::from_timestamp(value as i64, 0).ok_or_else(|| invalid_ts(value))
}
}
}
}
/// Ser/de to/from optional timestamps in seconds
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`'s `with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{TimeZone, DateTime, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use chrono::serde::ts_seconds_option;
/// #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(with = "ts_seconds_option")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let time = Some(Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2015, 5, 15, 10, 0, 0).unwrap());
/// let my_s = S { time: time.clone() };
///
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1431684000}"#);
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(&as_string)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s.time, time);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub mod ts_seconds_option {
use core::fmt;
use serde::{de, ser};
use super::SecondsTimestampVisitor;
use crate::{DateTime, Utc};
/// Serialize a UTC datetime into an integer number of seconds since the epoch or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `serialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{TimeZone, DateTime, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Serialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_seconds_option::serialize as to_tsopt;
/// #[derive(Serialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(serialize_with = "to_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s = S { time: Some(Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2015, 5, 15, 10, 0, 0).unwrap()) };
/// let as_string = serde_json::to_string(&my_s)?;
/// assert_eq!(as_string, r#"{"time":1431684000}"#);
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn serialize<S>(opt: &Option<DateTime<Utc>>, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
match *opt {
Some(ref dt) => serializer.serialize_some(&dt.timestamp()),
None => serializer.serialize_none(),
}
}
/// Deserialize a `DateTime` from a seconds timestamp or none
///
/// Intended for use with `serde`s `deserialize_with` attribute.
///
/// # Example:
///
/// ```rust
/// # use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
/// # use serde_derive::Deserialize;
/// use chrono::serde::ts_seconds_option::deserialize as from_tsopt;
/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
/// struct S {
/// #[serde(deserialize_with = "from_tsopt")]
/// time: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
/// }
///
/// let my_s: S = serde_json::from_str(r#"{ "time": 1431684000 }"#)?;
/// assert_eq!(my_s, S { time: Utc.timestamp_opt(1431684000, 0).single() });
/// # Ok::<(), serde_json::Error>(())
/// ```
pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(d: D) -> Result<Option<DateTime<Utc>>, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_option(OptionSecondsTimestampVisitor)
}
struct OptionSecondsTimestampVisitor;
impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for OptionSecondsTimestampVisitor {
type Value = Option<DateTime<Utc>>;
fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str("a unix timestamp in seconds or none")
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in seconds since the epoch
fn visit_some<D>(self, d: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
d.deserialize_i64(SecondsTimestampVisitor).map(Some)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in seconds since the epoch
fn visit_none<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
/// Deserialize a timestamp in seconds since the epoch
fn visit_unit<E>(self) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
Ok(None)
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
#[cfg(feature = "clock")]
use crate::Local;
use crate::{DateTime, FixedOffset, TimeZone, Utc};
use core::fmt;
#[test]
fn test_serde_serialize() {
assert_eq!(
serde_json::to_string(&Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6).unwrap()).ok(),
Some(r#""2014-07-24T12:34:06Z""#.to_owned())
);
assert_eq!(
serde_json::to_string(
&FixedOffset::east_opt(3660)
.unwrap()
.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6)
.unwrap()
)
.ok(),
Some(r#""2014-07-24T12:34:06+01:01""#.to_owned())
);
assert_eq!(
serde_json::to_string(
&FixedOffset::east_opt(3650)
.unwrap()
.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6)
.unwrap()
)
.ok(),
// An offset with seconds is not allowed by RFC 3339, so we round it to the nearest minute.
// In this case `+01:00:50` becomes `+01:01`
Some(r#""2014-07-24T12:34:06+01:01""#.to_owned())
);
}
#[test]
fn test_serde_deserialize() {
// should check against the offset as well (the normal DateTime comparison will ignore them)
fn norm<Tz: TimeZone>(dt: &Option<DateTime<Tz>>) -> Option<(&DateTime<Tz>, &Tz::Offset)> {
dt.as_ref().map(|dt| (dt, dt.offset()))
}
let dt: Option<DateTime<Utc>> = serde_json::from_str(r#""2014-07-24T12:34:06Z""#).ok();
assert_eq!(norm(&dt), norm(&Some(Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6).unwrap())));
let dt: Option<DateTime<Utc>> = serde_json::from_str(r#""2014-07-24T13:57:06+01:23""#).ok();
assert_eq!(norm(&dt), norm(&Some(Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6).unwrap())));
let dt: Option<DateTime<FixedOffset>> =
serde_json::from_str(r#""2014-07-24T12:34:06Z""#).ok();
assert_eq!(
norm(&dt),
norm(&Some(
FixedOffset::east_opt(0).unwrap().with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6).unwrap()
))
);
let dt: Option<DateTime<FixedOffset>> =
serde_json::from_str(r#""2014-07-24T13:57:06+01:23""#).ok();
assert_eq!(
norm(&dt),
norm(&Some(
FixedOffset::east_opt(60 * 60 + 23 * 60)
.unwrap()
.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 13, 57, 6)
.unwrap()
))
);
// we don't know the exact local offset but we can check that
// the conversion didn't change the instant itself
#[cfg(feature = "clock")]
{
let dt: DateTime<Local> =
serde_json::from_str(r#""2014-07-24T12:34:06Z""#).expect("local should parse");
assert_eq!(dt, Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6).unwrap());
let dt: DateTime<Local> = serde_json::from_str(r#""2014-07-24T13:57:06+01:23""#)
.expect("local should parse with offset");
assert_eq!(dt, Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6).unwrap());
}
assert!(serde_json::from_str::<DateTime<Utc>>(r#""2014-07-32T12:34:06Z""#).is_err());
assert!(
serde_json::from_str::<DateTime<FixedOffset>>(r#""2014-07-32T12:34:06Z""#).is_err()
);
}
#[test]
fn test_serde_bincode() {
// Bincode is relevant to test separately from JSON because
// it is not self-describing.
use bincode::{deserialize, serialize};
let dt = Utc.with_ymd_and_hms(2014, 7, 24, 12, 34, 6).unwrap();
let encoded = serialize(&dt).unwrap();
let decoded: DateTime<Utc> = deserialize(&encoded).unwrap();
assert_eq!(dt, decoded);
assert_eq!(dt.offset(), decoded.offset());
}
#[test]
fn test_serde_no_offset_debug() {
use crate::{MappedLocalTime, NaiveDate, NaiveDateTime, Offset};
use core::fmt::Debug;
#[derive(Clone)]
struct TestTimeZone;
impl Debug for TestTimeZone {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "TEST")
}
}
impl TimeZone for TestTimeZone {
type Offset = TestTimeZone;
fn from_offset(_state: &TestTimeZone) -> TestTimeZone {
TestTimeZone
}
fn offset_from_local_date(&self, _local: &NaiveDate) -> MappedLocalTime<TestTimeZone> {
MappedLocalTime::Single(TestTimeZone)
}
fn offset_from_local_datetime(
&self,
_local: &NaiveDateTime,
) -> MappedLocalTime<TestTimeZone> {
MappedLocalTime::Single(TestTimeZone)
}
fn offset_from_utc_date(&self, _utc: &NaiveDate) -> TestTimeZone {
TestTimeZone
}
fn offset_from_utc_datetime(&self, _utc: &NaiveDateTime) -> TestTimeZone {
TestTimeZone
}
}
impl Offset for TestTimeZone {
fn fix(&self) -> FixedOffset {
FixedOffset::east_opt(15 * 60 * 60).unwrap()
}
}
let tz = TestTimeZone;
assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", &tz), "TEST");
let dt = tz.with_ymd_and_hms(2023, 4, 24, 21, 10, 33).unwrap();
let encoded = serde_json::to_string(&dt).unwrap();
dbg!(&encoded);
let decoded: DateTime<FixedOffset> = serde_json::from_str(&encoded).unwrap();
assert_eq!(dt, decoded);
assert_eq!(dt.offset().fix(), *decoded.offset());
}
}